The Patching Friars' AlmanacA calendar of CVE saints

Patron of July 20

HiveNightmareHoly card for hivenightmare, generated with AI (Claude, Anthropic) for the Lunario dei Frati Patchatori.CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 SAM r-- r-- HiveNightmare FAVUS APERTUS
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Saint HiveNightmare, Who Let Everyone Read the Registry

Patron of Windows system registry hives, over-broad permissions, and forgotten shadow copies.

Life

In July 2021 came HiveNightmare, also called SeriousSAM (CVE-2021-36934): on certain versions of Windows 10 and 11 the registry hive files, SAM included, had permissions so broad that even an ordinary user could read them. Through the volume shadow copies you reached the account password hashes, escalating all the way to SYSTEM. A nightmare born of a single mis-set permission box.

Prayer

O Saint HiveNightmare, who lets everyone read the heart of the system, teach Windows to guard its most jealous hives. Amen.

How to celebrate

Celebrated by applying the patch, fixing the registry file permissions and deleting the compromised shadow copies.

A registry open to all, passwords for all.

Technical record

Disclosed on
July 20 2021
CVE
CVE-2021-36934
CVSS
7.8Actively exploited (CISA KEV)
Product
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1809

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists because of overly permissive Access Control Lists (ACLs) on multiple system files, including the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could run arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. An attacker must have the ability to execute code on a victim system to exploit this vulnerability. After installing this security update, you must manually delete all shadow copies of system files, including the SAM database, to fully mitigate this vulnerabilty. Simply installing this security update will not fully mitigate this vulnerability. See KB5005357- Delete Volume Shadow Copies.

Sources: msrc.microsoft.com · github.com · x.com

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