Saint RebirthDay Attack

Technical record

Disclosed on

October 13 2025

CVE

CVE-2025-5994CVE-2024-47081CVE-2025-32415CVE-2025-40909CVE-2025-6965CVE-2025-8058

CVSS

8.7

Product

NLnet Labs · Unbound

A multi-vendor cache poisoning vulnerability named 'Rebirthday Attack' has been discovered in caching resolvers that support EDNS Client Subnet (ECS). Unbound is also vulnerable when compiled with ECS support, i.e., '--enable-subnet', AND configured to send ECS information along with queries to upstream name servers, i.e., at least one of the 'send-client-subnet', 'client-subnet-zone' or 'client-subnet-always-forward' options is used. Resolvers supporting ECS need to segregate outgoing queries to accommodate for different outgoing ECS information. This re-opens up resolvers to a birthday paradox attack (Rebirthday Attack) that tries to match the DNS transaction ID in order to cache non-ECS poisonous replies.

Sources: lixiang521.com