The Patching Friars' AlmanacA calendar of CVE saints

Patron of March 3

Mail2ShellHoly card for mail2shell, generated with AI (Claude, Anthropic) for the Lunario dei Frati Patchatori.CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 .htaccess >_ Mail2Shell SPATIUM INVISIBILE
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Saint Mail2Shell, Who Opened With an Invisible Space

Patron of email help desks, filename checks, and zero-width spaces.

Life

In March 2026 OX Security researchers published Mail2Shell, CVE-2026-28289 in FreeScout, a help desk written in PHP. It bypassed an earlier fix: prefixing a filename with a zero-width space slipped past the new check and the file was saved as an .htaccess. According to the researchers, by sending a single email to an address FreeScout handled, without authenticating and without anyone clicking anything, an attacker got code execution.

Prayer

O Saint Mail2Shell, who enters through a character no one can see, teach our checks to look at what does not appear. Amen.

How to celebrate

Celebrated by updating FreeScout to 1.8.207, disabling AllowOverride, and normalising every filename before trusting it.

Invisible space, very visible damage.

Technical record

Disclosed on
March 3 2026
CVE
CVE-2026-28289
CVSS
10.0
Product
freescout-help-desk · freescout

FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. A patch bypass vulnerability for CVE-2026-27636 in FreeScout 1.8.206 and earlier allows any authenticated user with file upload permissions to achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) on the server by uploading a malicious .htaccess file using a zero-width space character prefix to bypass the security check. The vulnerability exists in the sanitizeUploadedFileName() function in app/Http/Helper.php. The function contains a Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) flaw where the dot-prefix check occurs before sanitization removes invisible characters. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.207.

Sources: ox.security

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